A Sliver of Awareness essays

A Sliver of Awareness papers The first occasion when I read The Awakening by Kate Chopin, I was disappointed and needed to pound my clench hands on my thighs. I was furious with the creator for denying the character Edna an option to love and satisfaction, just as making her such a narrow minded animal, that ended it all, therefore denying her offspring of their mom. Be that as it may, on closer thoughtfulness and class conversation, I have come to see an alternate side to the story, and have been moved. I see in Edna what I have seen in numerous young ladies, loaded up with vision, as they start their family and their joyfully ever after. However, it generally appears that after the style and ecstasy wears off from the wedding and endowments and new status throughout everyday life, that vision goes to fatigue, dullness, and authenticity. This invites somebody like Robert to introduce themselves as a break from routineexcitement, fascination, show, and a component of risk too. Edna falls prey to the acknowledgment that her wedded life isn't satisfying her, and as confounded as she may be, she feels extraordinary necessities and feelings that must be tended to. Her fascination with Robert, just as her experimentation with craftsmanship, is revealing a similar profound foundations of enthusiasm inside her. She (Edna) rested yet a couple of hours. They were pained and hot hours, upset with dreams that were elusive, that escaped her, leaving just an impression upon her half-stirred faculties of something out of reach. (p. 32). This odd, practically supernatural inclination that Edna has is the consequence of her first acknowledgment of want for Robert. Chopin places sections like this in better places to help the peruser to remember Edna's enthusiastic arousing. Edna felt as though she were being borne away from some dock which had held her quick, whose chains had been looseninghad snapped the prior night when the spiritualist soul was abroad, leaving her allowed to float whithersoever she decided to set her sails. (p. 33). Utilizing these devices, Chopin sets u... <!

Marketing Concepts & Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising Concepts and Strategies - Essay Example This is a decent beginning to my vocation, as I will become familiar with a ton concerning the account work. What's more, I will have worked for little organizations and expanded my mastery and aptitudes. In conclusion, to turn into a money related controller is one of my momentary objectives that I will satisfy. Initially, showcasing is the imaginative side, whereby thoughts and enthusiasm drive what an individual accepts. Moreover, advertising enables an association to procure and keep beneficial clients. Then again, fund centers and assesses the advantages and rewards that are deserving of the business (Blythe, p. 8). The advertising information will help a budgetary controller gives the monetary aftereffects of a business. This remembers the advertising consumption for the association. It includes the financial plan wherein the advertising group needs to complete special exercises, preparing and deals gatherings. Besides, through fiscal summaries that are set up by the money division, it is conceivable to know how much the advertising group spends over a specific period. Also, it will assist them with comprehension and know whether the Return on Investment is certain or not. Through the advertising programs that guide in expanding deals, the monetary controller can screen the patterns of deals and cost slants in the business. The budgetary controller can prompt on the most significant consumptions that an association can make, particularly on regions of promoting and publicizing. The ownership of showcasing information helps a money related controller along with the promoting group to get ready spending plans. Such financial plans involve the consumptions in showcasing efforts and special exercises (Blythe, p. 24). The budgetary controller can likewise quantify the showcasing offices to hold fast as far as possible in financial plans and the productivity of the spending plans that the advertising office has utilized. A portion of the models that apply are as per the following. When processing promoting proportion examination, the monetary controller works intimately with

Provide A Description Of The Apprroaches Of Two Philosphers Of Your

Provide A Description Of The Apprroaches Of Two Philosphers Of Your Provide A Description Of The Apprroaches Of Two Philosphers Of Your Choice To The 'problem Of Evil', â€" Essay Example > Augustine, Swinburne and the Problem of EvilEvil has been a source of philosophic contemplation for as long as there has been philosophy. Some of the greatest minds in history have considered the problem of why evil should exist alongside goodness, with philosophers from Socrates to Swinburne struggling to understand the paradox. The concept of evil carries with it a multitude of connotations: evil can be something as mundane as being that which causes someone pain, or it can be more complex involving subjective opinions of morals or ethics. Fundamental to coming to terms with evil is the assignation of a definition, but even that is a difficult option since what may seem evil to one group can be seen as doing service to God by another; for instance, the events that took place on 9/11. The central contradiction involving the problem of evil is the attempt at reconciling the idea that a God who is considered to be both omnipotent and loving would possess the power to eliminate evil, yet refuse to do so. Medieval philosopher Augustine believed deeply y the omnipotence and infallibility of God and so argued that God's creations used the free will given them to turn away from God. As a result, evil was introduced into the world not by God, but rather by humanity’s lack of control to deny it and do only good. Augustine's methodology for finding a solution the contradiction of evil is threefold. Augustine begins with the presumption that that evil is a privation and therefore does not actually exist; in this way he maintains the Aristotelian thought that only goodness exudes from God. Augustine elucidates further that human perception of evil is based upon the assumption that it is the absence of good in everything that God created. Though created by a perfect being, all things created are subject to the corruption of human beings, which implies an absence of good in all things that are created because these things are not in themselves the greatest good, which is God. Augustine’s second part to his solution to the problem of evil is that he argues that this apparent imperfection of any part of creation disappears in light of the perfection of the whole. Augustine writes that “Out of all things is built up the admirable beauty of the universe, wherein even that which is called evil, properly ordered and disposed, commends the good the more evidently, so that the good be more pleasing and praiseworthy when contrasted with evil. ” Augustine expresses the perspective that goodness would have little value if evil did not also exist to make the good that much more worthy. By taking this approach, Augustine is able to deny the existence of that which contemporary philosophy terms instrumental or evil that has had a long term positive effect on the world. Instrumental evil is the kind of evil that is not determinant based upon immediacy, but rather is an integral part of a long, evolutionary process that ultimately results in a goodness that exceeds the original harmful intent. In contrast to instrumental evil, Augustine posits the idea of genuine evil, which is essentially the understanding of an evil that would have left the world better had it not occurred.

United Arab of Emirates Country Notebook - 18844 Words

United Arab of Emirates Country Notebook Presented to Dr. Shahira El Alfy Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama Mosher Ismail Ahmed El-Mohamady Hesham Mostafa Eslsca 36 – Global Management I. Cultural Analysis: Identification of the Emirates History: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven emirates, which are: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain, and Fujairah. They were united as a federal state on 2 December 1971 and formed the so called â€Å"United Arab Emirates†. Before the discovery of oil and establishment of the oil economy in the early 1960s, two main orientations shaped traditional local culture: the nomadic†¦show more content†¦The family is the most important social institution in the United Arab Emirates encompassing grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, etc as well as the immediate nuclear family unit. Relationships with these extended families are strong and respect is accorded to the elder members. 1-Nuclear Family amp; Extended Family The traditional household unit of the extended family has been undermined. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is trending towards nuclear family; over 80% of Emirati couples live as nuclear families in their homes. Large families are encouraged by the Emirates as a national policy; family size is six to eight children. Although extended families are not living in the same home, they frequently live in the same neighborhood to keep in contact. Families in the United Arab Emirates are also known to have maids from Asian countries and not from the Gulf States to take care of cleaning duties. 2- Dynamics of the Family a- Parental Roles: The husband s authority is declining, while the wife is gaining importance as a mother and the manager of the domestic Family affaires. Taking care of the family and raising children is the main job for Emirati women. Only 6% of Emirati women are in the workforce, meaning their main concentration lies at home with children and extended family. When women do enter the workforce, they are usually in jobs that do not consist of many men. The families of UAE are slowlyShow MoreRelatedUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 PagesUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook Presented to Dr. Shahira El Alfy Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama Mosher Ismail Ahmed El-Mohamady Hesham Mostafa Eslsca 36 – Global Management I. Cultural Analysis: Identification of the Emirates History: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven emirates, which are: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain, and Fujairah. They were united as a federalRead MoreFour Seasons Marketing Plan6707 Words   |  27 PagesUnited Arab Emirates Country Notebook Four Seasons Marketing Plan Steve Callis Carlos-David Islas-Labastida Renee Werner April 25, 2006 Georgia State University Table of Contents Topic Part One: United Arab Emirates Country Notebook I. Introduction II. Geography III. Economic Environment IV. Cultural Environment V. Business Customs and Practices VI. Political Environment VII. Legal Environment VIII. Marketing Research IX. Other Statistics X. Competitive Environment Part Two: Four Seasons MarketingRead MoreUae Cultural Analysis Essay examples7726 Words   |  31 PagesUnited Arab Emirates Country Notebook Cultural Analysis Executive Summary United Arab Emirates is a country that is built of several different emirates located on the peninsula of the Persian Gulf. The country was occupied by Great Britain up until 1971. After the removal of the British government the seven Sheikdoms became independent and formed the UAE. The country has a typically desert climate with ocean access on both sides of the country. Located in the Middle East theRead MoreUAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis42818 Words   |  172 PagesConsumer Lifestyles - United Arab Emirates Euromonitor International August 2010 List of Contents and Tables Structure of the Report 1 Consumer Trends 1 Increased Demand for Health and Wellness Products in the Middle East 2 Popularity of Online Shopping Grows Amongst UAE Consumers 3 Generation of Newly Thrifty UAE Consumers 3 Rental Rates Plummet Across the Uae, Adding To Consumer Disposable Income 4 Environmentally Friendly Consumers on the Rise in UAE 5 Consumer SegmentationRead MoreIst Quiz 1 Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pagesarea network (LAN) c. Storage area network (SAN) d. Raid System 10. A(n) ________ is a computer and all the software for managing network resources and offering services to a network. a. Fiber optic network b. Server c. Notebook d. Think client 11. A typical OS consists of control programs and ________ programs. a. Interface b. Processing c. Supervisor d. Client 12. ________ can be commercial software or software developed in-house and isRead MoreA380 Essay11182 Words   |  45 PagesKong for example, and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 (about 900 km/h or 560 mph at cruising altitude). As of September 2011 there had been 236 firm orders for the A380, of which 57 have been delivered. The largest order, for 90 aircraft, was from Emirates. Background In the summer of 1988, a group of Airbus engineers led by Jean Roeder began work in secret on the development of an ultra-high-capacity airliner (UHCA), both to complete its own range of products and to break the dominance that BoeingRead MoreEssay MKT 505 ASSIGNMENT 34730 Words   |  19 Pagescultural and social activity of a particular organization is carried to an international level. It helps in the exchange of ideas, goods and services between the people of different nations which overall leads to the expansion of the society of a country. To expand globally, a company has three key questions to answer: â€Å"The essential act of entrepreneurship is the new entry. It can be accomplished by entering new or established markets with new or existing goods or services. New entry is the actRead MoreThe Hawala Extortion Method 18441 Words   |  74 PagesHAWALA INTRODUCTION [pic] Among the methods terrorists worldwide use to move money from regions that finance them to target countries some hardly leave any traceable trail. As regulators learned recently, one of the weak points in the payments chain through which illicit funds can enter is a system of traditional trust-based banking originating in southern Asia which is known as hawala. The word hawala is Hindi meaning trust or exchange. Often used in relationRead MoreThe Economic Impact of Globalization on Turkey6421 Words   |  26 Pagesdeficit implies a high rollover ratio of the external debt. Turkish Industry Pre- late 1970s: Heavy government control. Trade protectionism. Before the 1980s, Turkish modernizers applied the import-substitution strategy. It was designed to make the country an independent producer of manufactured goods. The result was a striking unfolding of industry, especially between 1950 and 1977, when the industrial sector grew at an annual average rate of 8.6% in real terms (10% annually from 1973 to 1977), expandingRead MoreThe Economic Impact of Globalization on Turkey6413 Words   |  26 Pagesimplies a high rollover ratio of the external debt. Turkish Industry Pre- late 1970s: Heavy government control. Trade protectionism. Before the 1980s, Turkish modernizers applied the import-substitution strategy. It was designed to make the country an independent producer of manufactured goods. The result was a striking unfolding of industry, especially between 1950 and 1977, when the industrial sector grew at an annual average rate of 8.6% in real terms (10% annually from 1973 to 1977), expanding United Arab of Emirates Country Notebook - 18844 Words United Arab of Emirates Country Notebook Presented to Dr. Shahira El Alfy Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama Mosher Ismail Ahmed El-Mohamady Hesham Mostafa Eslsca 36 – Global Management I. Cultural Analysis: Identification of the Emirates History: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven emirates, which are: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain, and Fujairah. They were united as a federal state on 2 December 1971 and formed the so called â€Å"United Arab Emirates†. Before the discovery of oil and establishment of the oil economy in the early 1960s, two main orientations shaped traditional local culture: the nomadic†¦show more content†¦Since then, the country has progressed with efforts of ensuring high literacy rates, modern programs and women’s share in education. The UAE currently devotes approximately 25 percent of total federal government spending to education. Public education is free for male and female citizen children through the university level. Beginning in the academic year 2006–7, expatriate students may, for a fee, attend government schools. The UAE has one of the lowest student-to-teacher ratios (15:1) in the world. A-Primary Education Education is compulsory through the ninth grade, Citizen Children are required to attend gender-segregated schools through the sixth grade, the last grade of primary education. Primary school enrollment for males in 2006 stood at 85% and 82% of females. 97% of entrants reached the 5th grade. The Ministry of Education has adopted â€Å"Education 2020,† a series of five-year plans designed to introduce advanced education techniques, improve innovative skills, and focus more on the self-learning abilities of students. As part of this program, an enhanced curriculum for mathematics and integrated science was introduced at first-grade level for the 2003–4 academic year in all government schools. The UAE has sought to implement and monitor high quality education standards by undertaking new policies, programs and initiatives. Stressing the importance of â€Å"modern curricula with assorted andShow MoreRelatedUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 PagesUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook Presented to Dr. Shahira El Alfy Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama Mosher Ismail Ahmed El-Mohamady Hesham Mostafa Eslsca 36 – Global Management I. Cultural Analysis: Identification of the Emirates History: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven emirates, which are: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain, and Fujairah. They were united as a federalRead MoreFour Seasons Marketing Plan6707 Words   |  27 PagesUnited Arab Emirates Country Notebook Four Seasons Marketing Plan Steve Callis Carlos-David Islas-Labastida Renee Werner April 25, 2006 Georgia State University Table of Contents Topic Part One: United Arab Emirates Country Notebook I. Introduction II. Geography III. Economic Environment IV. Cultural Environment V. Business Customs and Practices VI. Political Environment VII. Legal Environment VIII. Marketing Research IX. Other Statistics X. Competitive Environment Part Two: Four Seasons MarketingRead MoreUae Cultural Analysis Essay examples7726 Words   |  31 PagesUnited Arab Emirates Country Notebook Cultural Analysis Executive Summary United Arab Emirates is a country that is built of several different emirates located on the peninsula of the Persian Gulf. The country was occupied by Great Britain up until 1971. After the removal of the British government the seven Sheikdoms became independent and formed the UAE. The country has a typically desert climate with ocean access on both sides of the country. Located in the Middle East theRead MoreUAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis42818 Words   |  172 PagesConsumer Lifestyles - United Arab Emirates Euromonitor International August 2010 List of Contents and Tables Structure of the Report 1 Consumer Trends 1 Increased Demand for Health and Wellness Products in the Middle East 2 Popularity of Online Shopping Grows Amongst UAE Consumers 3 Generation of Newly Thrifty UAE Consumers 3 Rental Rates Plummet Across the Uae, Adding To Consumer Disposable Income 4 Environmentally Friendly Consumers on the Rise in UAE 5 Consumer SegmentationRead MoreIst Quiz 1 Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pagesarea network (LAN) c. Storage area network (SAN) d. Raid System 10. A(n) ________ is a computer and all the software for managing network resources and offering services to a network. a. Fiber optic network b. Server c. Notebook d. Think client 11. A typical OS consists of control programs and ________ programs. a. Interface b. Processing c. Supervisor d. Client 12. ________ can be commercial software or software developed in-house and isRead MoreA380 Essay11182 Words   |  45 PagesKong for example, and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 (about 900 km/h or 560 mph at cruising altitude). As of September 2011 there had been 236 firm orders for the A380, of which 57 have been delivered. The largest order, for 90 aircraft, was from Emirates. Background In the summer of 1988, a group of Airbus engineers led by Jean Roeder began work in secret on the development of an ultra-high-capacity airliner (UHCA), both to complete its own range of products and to break the dominance that BoeingRead MoreEssay MKT 505 ASSIGNMENT 34730 Words   |  19 Pagescultural and social activity of a particular organization is carried to an international level. It helps in the exchange of ideas, goods and services between the people of different nations which overall leads to the expansion of the society of a country. To expand globally, a company has three key questions to answer: â€Å"The essential act of entrepreneurship is the new entry. It can be accomplished by entering new or established markets with new or existing goods or services. New entry is the actRead MoreThe Hawala Extortion Method 18441 Words   |  74 PagesHAWALA INTRODUCTION [pic] Among the methods terrorists worldwide use to move money from regions that finance them to target countries some hardly leave any traceable trail. As regulators learned recently, one of the weak points in the payments chain through which illicit funds can enter is a system of traditional trust-based banking originating in southern Asia which is known as hawala. The word hawala is Hindi meaning trust or exchange. Often used in relationRead MoreThe Economic Impact of Globalization on Turkey6421 Words   |  26 Pagesdeficit implies a high rollover ratio of the external debt. Turkish Industry Pre- late 1970s: Heavy government control. Trade protectionism. Before the 1980s, Turkish modernizers applied the import-substitution strategy. It was designed to make the country an independent producer of manufactured goods. The result was a striking unfolding of industry, especially between 1950 and 1977, when the industrial sector grew at an annual average rate of 8.6% in real terms (10% annually from 1973 to 1977), expandingRead MoreThe Economic Impact of Globalization on Turkey6413 Words   |  26 Pagesimplies a high rollover ratio of the external debt. Turkish Industry Pre- late 1970s: Heavy government control. Trade protectionism. Before the 1980s, Turkish modernizers applied the import-substitution strategy. It was designed to make the country an independent producer of manufactured goods. The result was a striking unfolding of industry, especially between 1950 and 1977, when the industrial sector grew at an annual average rate of 8.6% in real terms (10% annually from 1973 to 1977), expanding

Immigration to the United States - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2058 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Oral History Essay Did you like this example? The United States is a nation of immigrants. This makes it essential to review the experiences of immigrants as a way of understanding how these experiences shape the economy of the country. One of the core issues of immigration to the United States is the American dream which makes immigrants relocate to the nation in pursuit of new opportunities and improved life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Immigration to the United States" essay for you Create order The number of immigrants into the United States continues to grow with the majority coming from Africa and Asia. Immigrants accounted for over 12% of the United States population in the year 2009 (Fishman, 53). More so, American history especially around 1800, immigrants into American have not been identified as Americans as seen Indian-Americans, Mexican-American, Spanish-Americas and so on. Immigrants are expected to assimilate American culture regarding values, and customs fast and shed off their homeland traditions. With this challenge, immigrants have been able to forge a unique identity which has helped them effectively blend with the rest of the American population. African immigrants into the United States are more educated and proficient in English as well as having a higher social-economic status than immigrants from other parts of the globe (Fosco, DD). It has for long been assumed that immigrants come as laborers to improve their lives. Looking at the experience of immigr ants today may shed new light into the issue of immigration. Therefore, this paper examines the experience of immigrants in acculturation to the United States. For this study, I interviewed an immigrant of African decency to establish his perception of acculturation to the United States. Thus, there is a need to have an overview of the interviewee. Therefore, the discussions in this paper rely on oral history conducted on one individual. My interviewee was a twenty-five-year-old man, Timothy, from Nigeria’s capital Lagos. While still in Nigeria, Timothy had acquired a bachelor’s degree in Economics and Management as well as a Master’s Degree in Business Management from one of the leading public universities in Nigeria. He now stays in Colorado and is pursuing another master’s degree from a University in Missouri. Like most students in Africa, Timothy started learning English from a young age and continues to study the language even past high school level. He was also a teacher in college while in Nigeria. Though he has not focused on studying English as a core subject, he was proficient in American university ev en outperforming some of the American students. His choice of coming to the United States was motivated by the financial offer and was more so interested in entering the American culture. Timothy considers returning to Nigeria but coming back to the United States remains a possibility for the future. His class and social status could be viewed as to have been critical in his transition to life in the United States. He maintains a linkage with other Nigerians in the country which maintains ties with his native country. The narration by Timothy and the development of his identity as a Nigerian-American is not a norm among Nigerian-Americans. Majority of Nigerians in America are a working class and strive hard for survival. According to Brown and Marie, 989), the migration from Nigeria is meant to escape poverty, hunger, extremism and also for job opportunities. More than 60 percent of Nigerians live below the United Nations poverty line with the majority of the population unemployment or the lucky ones, underemployed. As indicated, he is educated and still pursuing a Master’s degree. This means that in his stay, he has not experienced hostility as other migrants who came earlier or those who came primarily for jobs. Timothy’s choice of immigration was for a personal goal. He applied for a scholarship hence his moving to the United States was a deliberate and showed concerted effort. Research indicates that the level of voluntary or involuntary migration affects the level and rate of acculturation to a new culture. When immigration is involuntary, it forces an immigrant to forced status against their will. It forms an act of forced assimilation which results in marginalization and hence discrimination and social subordination. On the other hand, voluntary migration, the reception to cultural maintenance is lower. The other aspect that affects timothy is the perception of opportunity in the United States. Core to this is the American dream which he regards as the essence of having a good job, beautiful house, good car and enjoying the necessary luxuries. On the same not, motivation to studying English for Timothy was ingrown from a young age as his parents were travelers. His mother encouraged him to study English as the language would help him communicate anywhere in the world. I also enquired to Timothy about acculturation and acculturation stress in the United States. This rose as I inquired about what inspired them for being in the United States for the first time. He expressed that he was already exposed to the United States lifestyle through media. But for him, the reality was different from what was portrayed in media. Regarding acculturative stress, he said that throughout his life, he was learned of culture. He says that he had an idea of the enormous gaps between cultures. On the other hand, culture shock, which are that initial difficulty when arriving at a new culture. For him, the difference was that America was more of cities and development. He says that this was a shift from a small town into a developed city. We further discussed on his expectations on coming to the United States as based on media portrayals. Timothy developed his perception of the United States from watching American programs. These experiences shaped his understanding of the United States. From his description of the United States expectations, Timothy was living in a misconception. For instance, in the programs, America is portrayed as more of suburbs and cities with buildup areas. This was different from where he lives in America as it is a smaller town. The rush and craziness of the city in films and programs do not exist or not as in the movies. Another critical aspect of immigration was language proficiency. Though Timothy is fluent in English, he still finds a difficulty in communicating with natives; majorly due to accent. Nigerian Community in the United States Today, the number of Nigerian-owned business in America is higher compared to twenty years ago. There is a substantial number of restaurants, clubs as well as cultural events not to mention Nigerian themed businesses and church. The increase in these social amenities serves to point at the significance of the number of Nigerians abroad. It also suggests that Nigerians are inclined into staying in the state. This can further be supported by the events that more Nigerians are buying houses and paying taxes as well as sending their children to American schools (Fosco, Daily Dose). The booming number of Nigerians in the United States is looking to engage in business both internationally and locally. More people are setting up businesses in the United States rather than their home countries even with steady economic improvement in those countries. Nigerian nationals are looking to improve on their abilities and talents as well as resources for them to effectively compete in a global economy. With the increasing number of Nigerians in the United States, there has been a developed class of Nigerian-Americans. For instance, Timothy is pursuing a Master’s Degree and holds yet another Master’s Degree. The education status among Nigerians makes a professional class with contributes to the development of the identity. The proliferation of Nigerian-owned and themed businesses, restaurants, clubs, and the festival has shown, it has helped immigrants maintain strong connections with their country of origin. But one’s relationship to homelands both past and present can be affected by circumstances surrounding one’s migration, as the example of Timothy migration demonstrates. Apart from the experiences described above, there are push or pull factors that make an individual migrate to another nation. These can be viewed as the factors that compelled Timothy to come to the United States. One of the factors that contribute to Nigerians coming to the United States is family. I Nigeria, there is the threat of terror group, Boko Haram and which has been waging wars and kidnaping people on the country. The move, in this case, can be viewed as a way to safeguarding own security. The grave danger from the terror group would lead to a self-imposed exile. For, however, education was the core reasoning for migration. The United States offers better education and opportunities that home country. Acquiring education from the United States means that he would be in higher demand in his home country (Duany, 156). The Chronology website relates the transitioning in identity for Timothy as to have been greatly influenced by his academic credentials. This is because education is setting for personal growth, it would have become an essential instrument in the transition of Timothy. The notion of white supremacy to him does not exist as he fairs better than most of his white learners. His academic successes and skills, therefore, helped in setting him apart of the rest of the population and aided in his integration in a white society. Further, exposure to the English language from earlier ages made him ready to face a different culture. He is able to fit in the American society seamlessly. Though it is required that he returns to his home country, he is looking forward to returning and continuing the identity with the English language. Identity Timothy has lived in the United States for three years. In that time, he has not managed to return home. This has led him into perceiving that he is part of the mainstream American population (Dodd, NCAAFB). Despite this, he still connects with his backyard in Nigeria and has contact with Nigerian heritage. He still has hope for returning home and improving their status. In his stay in the United States, Timothy has developed duplicity of identity. He is not Nigerian any more, and he is American too. He still holds in high regard his Nigerian growing and says those cannot be left behind. Throughout the interview, he described himself as American and Nigerian. He yearns of returning to Nigeria as, though he has American perceptions, he argues that he is Nigerian all way. He noted that he felt distinctly American. Considering his official residence status, the process took time as he came to the United States using an education Visa. He says that he would very much like to naturalize, but he is afraid of being said to be a traitor to his homeland. If he chooses to remain in the United States, it would be a choice he would not regret having made. He continues to say despite having African decency. He says that blacks should stick together. The culture in the United States and Nigeria seems similar hence there would be no need for them to separate based on country of origin (Knight et al., 843). It is common that in identity, a person will identify with nationality first then region but for Timothy, the region comes first and nationality second. Conclusion This paper has expounded on the factors that contribute to the development of immigrant identity. For some immigrants, they view themselves as neither mixed not fixed, but they are dynamic in that they can fit in two or more cultures. The story of Timothy may not be unique when it comes to immigrants, but it illustrates how one’s community, class, networks, educator and language can impact on a person’s experiences and immigration circumstances. These factors contribute to shaping a sense of shared identity. It can be argued that the development of an American – Nigerian identity is not an issue of transition, but rather an issue of connection with Nigerian background. The number of Nigerians in the United States is also ballooning which has contributed to the formation of association linking Nigerian nationals in the United States. The association makes him enjoy the privilege of riding in his Nigerian heritage. His social status and education contributed immen sely in fitting in the American society. His education and English language proficiency contributed to his eventual assimilation in American society. The experience in American perhaps helped him in developing a sense of shared identity between American and Nigerian.

Tobacco Addiction Hookah Free Essays

Jared Fujikuni Psych 22 April 5, 2013 Tobacco Addiction: Water Pipes An addiction is the compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance which is defined by physiological symptoms upon withdrawal. Addiction is more commonly referred to activities in a negative sense because the substance is often harmful to the user. One of the most addicting substances is nicotine, which is found within tobacco. We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco Addiction: Hookah or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first thought that comes to mind when referencing to tobacco addiction is smoking cigarettes, but there are many other ways to consume tobacco such as: dip (chewing tobacco), cigars, and water pipes. Although the water pipe has been around for hundreds of years, it has only recently become popular. It has spread throughout the Middle East to Europe, all the way to North America, targeting pre-teens to young adults in college. There is an abundant amount of research done on the damaging effects of cigarettes, but as the water pipe craze is relatively new, there is still very little information on the health risks that this fresh social nicotine addiction may contain. The water pipe has many different street names which are a lot more exotic and alluring: hookah, shisha, boory, goza, nargile, arghile, and hubble bubble/hubbly bubbly. Smoking hookah is a sensual and relaxing experience which is often done with a group of people. This bonding social activity gives smoking a different dimension of appeal compared to the normal singular act of smoking a cigarette, but may also contribute to the development of addiction. The water pipe is often an elegant looking device resembling a flower vase that sits on a table in between the party. The group will usually be sitting comfortably around the hookah which encourages long sessions that often include over fifty puffs of the hookah. The type of tobacco that is smoked through the water pipe is called maassel, which is fermented in molasses and fruit essences. There are many different flavors that appeal to all smokers. The smoke is often sweet or minty and cooled by the water filter which makes it easy for even nonsmokers to enjoy. First the tobacco is placed within a clay bowl covered by aluminum foil which heads the water pipe. Coals are placed on top of the head to heat the tobacco. The vase of the hookah is filled half way with liquid (usually water). The smoker inhales through a tube that is connected to the vase. The smoke is drawn through the stem of the pipe and filtered through the water before going through the tube that the smoker is inhaling on. The smoker is able to inhale clouds of smoke while simultaneously drawing air over the coals which further burns the tobacco. There are many cafes and bars that are dedicated to smoking hookah. These cafes have become increasingly popular among college students and are popping up all over the United States. Hookahs are also easily purchased through smoke shops or online. Smoking hookah has become a very popular social event because of its slow pace and relaxing feel. It allows people to partake in an activity which doesn’t require any concentration and allows them to socialize for an hour or so. It is more active than getting together for a coffee but not distracting enough to take away from a conversation. Yet the slow pace of the hookah experience is part of why it might be very dangerous. The total amount of exposure to nicotine through the prolonged smoking pattern is extremely unhealthy. Researchers from the American University of Beirut analyzed smoking patterns at a hookah lounge and reported that smokers inhaled ten times as often as a typical cigarette smoker would. Not only this, but each inhale contained about ten times as much smoke volume as a single cigarette puff. A single hookah session could have the smoke volume equivalent of one hundred cigarettes. To defend the health risks of hookah smoking, many argue that when inhaling, it is nott necessary to inhale all the way into the lungs, but to simply play with the smoke in the mouth like with a cigar. However, researchers have collected data that estimate absorption of nicotine and other substances contained in hookah smoke state otherwise. Despite the volume of exposure, hookah smokers are still exposed to fewer toxins than cigarette smokers. The studies indicate that hookah smokers are absorbing high levels of toxins and carcinogens that contribute to the development of heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases† (Harvard, 2008, p. 3). Hookah is often argued as a healthier way of smoking because the smoke is filtered through water, but clearly it does not filter out all of the toxins. There is still enough nicotine getting through to become addicted. The amount of nicotine that is produced by smoking hookah can vary depending on multiple variables: type of tobacco, number of coals, duration of use, and the inhaling technique. The number of coals which is related to the temperature that the hookah would be burning at has a huge impact on the amount of toxins that are inhaled. If the coals are actually burning the tobacco instead of â€Å"baking† or â€Å"steaming† the shisha, the tar in the tobacco could be burned which is very unhealthy to inhale. Researchers found that chronic respiratory symptoms were found in younger hookah smokers rather than older ones which suggest that the younger users were smoking more intensely or not being as careful to not burn the tar. Saliva samples showed that carbon monoxide exposure was twice as high in hookah smokers as in cigarette smokers. As far as long-term health effects, there hasn’t been much research to make any solid conclusions but like in other tobacco related addictions, there was increased chance of periodontal disease, cardiovascular problems, increased heart rate and blood pressure and problems with the child of women who were pregnant while smoking. Despite the health risks (that the majority of smokers don’t even know about), smoking hookah has a huge appeal. It is a social activity that gives bored young adults something to do as well as relaxes the body. The social aspect of the water pipe makes quitting the addiction much different than quitting smoking cigarettes. The hookah smoker is not only addicted to nicotine but also addicted to a fun activity that encourages socializing. It is easy to see how and why young adults would become addicted to smoking hookah. It is also easy to see why hookah lounges are rapidly popping up across the world as addiction equals profit. â€Å"While hookah is alluring, it also appears to be a health hazard. Clearly, there are safer ways to relax† (Harvard, 2008, p. 3). Two studies were recently done on hookah smokers. The first study wanted to figure out if hookah smoking encouraged cigarette addiction, while the other sought to decipher the demographics of those who smoke hookah based off a study done on female college freshmen. The first study was done on students in Denmark. They tested men that were all non-smokers who occasionally smoked a cigarette but were not yet addicted. Through surveying, they discovered that the men that also occasionally or regularly smoked from a water pipe were more likely to become regular cigarette mokers. Although this is a rather weak study, it shows that the tobacco in hookah still contributes to nicotine addiction. A side point that the study made was that hookah could be a potential gateway for smoking cigarettes. â€Å"Special features such as the lower temperature of the smoke and the aromas of water pipe tobacco can contribute to enforcin g this mechanism, leading toward smoking cigarettes regularly† (Jensen, 2010, p. 1256). The second study helped determine the appeal of smoking hookah. Syracuse University did a study on female freshmen at a private university in New York through online participation which was paid. The study based the results on the volunteers who had not smoked hookah before their freshman year. There were many factors that were predicted to determine whether the students would partake in smoking or not. The protective factors: high school GPA, religion, health value, and self-esteem. The risk factors: impulsivity/sensation-seeking, depression, anxiety, and social comparison. â€Å"†¦experimenting with hookah might be part of a normative process of seeking new experiences, as a rate of other substance use peak during the 18-25 age range† (Fielder, 2012, p. 64). Freshmen year is where students are insecure, seek self-discovery, and take risks. â€Å"†¦the transition to college is a likely time for hookah initiation given the increased freedom enjoyed by residential students, the popularity of hookah lounges in college towns, the ability of students under age 21 to get into hookah lounges but not regular bars, media portrayals of hookah smoking as exotic and tr endy, permissive social norms about substance use typical of the college environment, and the developmental task of identity exploration† (Fielder, 2012, p. 46). All of these factor into the study and reasoning behind the engagement in hookah addiction. The study results showed that twenty-three percent initiated hookah use during their freshmen year which is not a huge percentage but there were many limitations to this study. A volunteer survey that took place at a private school that targeted women was the make-up for a limited study. The results showed that the biggest correlation with smoking hookah was alcohol intake. The other predicted factors weren’t strong enough to make a correlation. The study also showed that one-third of the surveys had already smoked hookah before their freshman year which shows the popularity. Despite the actual addiction to nicotine and the appeal of the head rush, one of the biggest aspects to smoking that is often over-looked is the smoke itself. Although the smoke is in some ways mysteriously uncontrollable, the art of the smoke cloud projecting out of the smoker’s mouth gives off a sense of creativity and ownership. The smoke is art whether it is blown out through technique such as a ring or simply as a cloud. The clouds achievable by smoking hookah are by far the largest. The water pipe’s allure combined with its targeted consumer is the perfect set-up for a generation of nicotine addicts. With still very little known about the long-term health risks, too many risk-seeking college students are falling into the social nicotine trap. It may start off as an innocent activity, but soon enough it could become a daily routine, henceforth an addiction. Harvard Medical School. (2008). Why waterpipe smoking raises concerns about addiction and other health problems. The Hazards of Hookah. Jensen, Poul Densoe. (2010). Waterpipe use predicts progression to regular cigarette smoking among Danish youth. Tobacco: Waterpipe Smoking. Fielder, Robyn L. , Carey, Kate B. , Carey, Michael P. (2012). Predictors of initiation of hookah tobacco smoking: a one-year prospective study of first-year college women. How to cite Tobacco Addiction: Hookah, Papers

Business Law and Ethics. Is there an enforceable contract between Sama

Questions: 1. Is there an enforceable contract between Samantha and Julie? 2. Is promissory estoppel relevant to Samanthas dispute with Dave from Outrageous Costumes? Answers: 1. In the instant case, Samantha was a high school drama teacher. She was going to produce and present her own created drama play for the annual school drama named Smurfs in Space. She had to take care of different aspects such as catering, costumes etc. For the purpose of catering, she had approached Julie, a 16 year old student. She had a domestic set up for her business. Samantha had asked her to prepare sandwiches and cakes for 100 people to which she agreed. Herein, an offer had been made and acceptance was also conveyed (Khourya, 2009). Julie had put in certain conditions to her service. She had asked for a weeks notice before commencement of her preparations. She had decided to charge $ 5 per person, i.e. $ 500 for the entire service. Julie had also mentioned that she had a Facebook page wherein orders could be placed. Samantha had sent a text message to her telling her to start her preparations for the cakes and sandwiches. This covers up the aspect of consideration which is in monetary terms. However the possibility of this agreement of becoming a contract gets marred due to Julies age. Julie was 16 years old which made her a minor [1](Monahan, 2007). Any contract made with a minor becomes void at the inception. This aspect can be reviewed by the minor once he/she reaches an age of majority i.e. 18 years[2]. However in cases where a minor attains property and gets entangled to certain legal obligations like partnerships, minor is bound by such obligations unless avoided by the minor (Willmott, 2005). There is legislation in the state of Victoria which speaks of a minors obligation. According to section 49 of the Supreme Court Act [No. 6387 s. 70] certain contracts are considered void- Contracts where the minor has either borrowed or lent money[3]. Contracts where a transaction of goods take place where money is the consideration. Contracts involving accounts related matter. In the instant case, the second concept comes into consideration. Julie had entered into an agreement to deliver homemade food to Samantha for monetary value. The contract law of Australia prohibits such a contract. Hence it can be concluded that the contract between Samantha and Julie cannot be validated due to Julie being a minor. 2. Samantha had looked online for costumes and found Outrageous Costumes, an online based store. Dave was the proprietor of this establishment. She contacted Dave informing her requirement of three Smurf space suits with extra silver and blue material. Dave responded by saying that the extra requirements were costly and he would have to order them specially. She agreed to the proposition. At this junction, both offer and acceptance had been completed. A week later, Dave sent a message to Samantha saying that he had arranged for the materials and unless he got a notification from her, he was going start preparing for the costumes. Samantha received the message but chose to ignore it. She had got a much better offer from a parent from her school wherein her work was promised to be done for free. Two days prior to the drama day, she contacted Dave and cancelled her order. Dave was disappointed by this since he had almost completed the costumes and could not reuse them. By this act, the concept of promissory estoppel comes into play. It was true that no consideration was discussed (Latimer, 2015). However in the case of estoppels, mere promise is sufficient (Radan, 2009). When intent to enter into an agreement is shown, and breaking of the promise causes deprivation or damage to either party, estoppel comes into limelight[4]. The traditional concepts of contract creation can be ignored in cases of promissory estoppel (Lindsay, 2004). Some essentials of promissory estoppel can be discussed as below: There must be a relationship of contract. Even hints of contractual talks can be considered[5]. When one party makes a proposition to carry out a promise and the other party believes that the promise is going to be performed. The party who believes the promise must suffer to the promise made. He/she must have faced a loss. Breaking of promise is not prohibited but if that results in loss or is in detriment to the promisee, estoppel will ensue[6]. In such matters courts determines methods to relieve the sufferer from the ill effects of the contract breach. They usually dont force a party to complete ones promise until it is absolutely indispensable. In this instant case, Samantha is bound by the rule of promissory estoppel and she might be sued by Dave for equitable relief. Reference https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/vic/consol_act/sca1986183/s49.html Khoury, D. and Yamouni, Y. (2009). Understanding contract law. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Latimer, P. (2015). Australian business law 2015. CCH Australia. Lindsay, G. (2004). Contract. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Lawbook Co. Monahan, G. and Carr-Gregg, S. (2007). Essential contract law. New York, NY: Routledge-Cavendish. Radan, P. and Gooley, J. (2009). Principles of Australian contract law. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Willmott, L., Christensen, S. and Butler, D. (2005). Contract law. South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Oxford University Press.